Judging from the quality of food consumption of the people of East Kalimantan "Food Pattern Scores of Expectations Ride Thin"

Written by: Marinda Asih Ramadhaniah, S.Si.M. Ec.dev

Based on Data from the Department of Food, Food Crops, and Horticulture, East Kalimantan Province, the development of food diversity in terms of public consumption of East Kalimantan has increased. This was reflected by the increase in the increase in the Food Score (PPh) of East Kalimantan from 80.70 in 2017 to 83.10 in 2018. PPh is a food diversity arrangement based on energy contributions from the main food group at the level of availability and food consumption. PPh is an instrument to assess the situation of regional food consumption that can be used to plan for future food consumption needs, taking into account the social, economic, cultural aspects and preferences of public food consumption. In other words, PPh is a simple instrument to assess the situation of population food consumption, both the amount and composition of food according to the type of food stated in the score. The higher the PPH score, the more diverse and nutritious food consumption is balanced (maximum 100). Besides that, the main purpose of the preparation of PPh is to make a rationalization of the recommended food consumption pattern, which consists of a combination of various food variations to meet nutritional needs and according to taste.
In 2018, the daily energy intake of the province East Kalimantan is 1,923.30 kcal/person/day. This figure is still lower than the national nutritional adequacy (AKG) of 2,150 kcal/person/day. Whereas for the average daily protein intake in East Kalimantan Province is 60.70 grams/person/day, which shows that it has exceeded the National AKG against protein intake of 52 grams/person/day.
Judging from the type of food consumed by the people of East Kalimantan, mostly dominated by grains, which is 56.84 percent of the total daily calorie intake. Then for the next largest food contributor to the animal food, which is 14.92 percent and oil and fat contributing 10.78 percent. Meanwhile, when viewed from the protein intake consumed, the people of East Kalimantan tend to consume animal food which is 43.16 percent of the total daily protein intake and 40.46 percent of protein intake is also obtained from grains. The remaining 8.4 percent of protein intake comes from nuts and 4.78 percent of vegetables and fruits. This shows that the average pattern of food consumption of the people of East Kalimantan against grain food groups and oil and fat has exceeded the ideal consumption specified.
Food groups that are still lower than the ideal consumption specified are tubers, Fathers/fatty seeds, nuts, sugar, and vegetables and fruits. The diversity of food consumption in East Kalimantan still needs to be improved, because food does not only consist of a source of carbohydrates, but also the development of nutritious food variety from sources of protein, vitamins, and minerals. Badi, tubers, oil and fat, oily fruits/seeds and sugar) in East Kalimantan have reached 89.46 percent, this figure has exceeded the Ministry of Agriculture's standard by 74 percent. As for protein intake which is a source of builders (animal food and nuts) in East Kalimantan has reached 15.71 percent. This figure is still less than the Ministry of Agriculture's standard of 17 percent. Likewise, the intake of vitamins and minerals (vegetables and fruit) in East Kalimantan, is still below the Ministry of Agriculture (6%), which is only 4.13 percent. This unbalanced food consumption can bring in various degenerative diseases such as the heart, stroke, and hypertension that are not widely realized by the community. Because local production is only able to provide 60 percent of the needs in East Kalimantan. East Kalimantan has the potential to fulfill more nutritious food diversification according to the needs that are still lacking. The government needs to invite all components of society to start developing and promoting regional food potential so that the community can appreciate the archipelago food products so that there is a change in community consumption patterns towards various consumption, nutritious and safe and educate the community of the importance of balanced nutrition. Increased variations of food also need support from consumption patterns and business development. At present most markets are trapped in a circle where the lack of demand for nutritious foods causes difficulties in producing nutritious food at affordable prices. The current phenomenon is seen that people prefer processed food, preserved and fast food that is clearly unhealthy. In addition, the shift of consumption orientation that used to be to meet the needs of "biological", is now shifting to the needs of "sociological".